Modern view on the risk factors for malignant tumors of the thyroid gland: a systematic review
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Abstract
The morbidity of thyroid carcinoma (TC) tends to annual growth. The results of the multifactorial studies of the development of thyroid carcinogenesis testify the insufficient knowledge about the influence and significance of certain TC factors, which requires systematization in order to improve the oncoepidemic situation in the country.
The objective: of this study was to conduct an analytical systematic review of literature to resume risk factors of TC in the last 10 years.
Materials and methods. The generalization of literary sources, founded by key words in Google Scholar, PubMed and eLIBRARY.ru for 2007 to 2017 was carried out. We analyzed the value of the odds ratio (OR), the relative risk (RR), the hazard ratio (HR), standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and an excess relative risk (ERR) with respective confidence intervals (95% CI), as well as the reliability value (p).
Results. The most significant risk factors for TC are: ionizing radiation (increases the incidence in 1,3–5 times); previous thyroid disease (associated with TC in 30–94% cases, most goiter, adenoma and AIT – in 29,7%, OR=2,12; RR=1,4), heredity (presence of TC in I degree relatives increases the chance of occurrence in > 4-times), systemic autoimmune disease (SLE increases the risk 1,8 times), diabetes (TC risk increases on 18–20%), menstrual and reproductive factors (increased risk in 1,2–2,4 times), anthropometric factors (high height – increases the risk in 1,2–1,6 times, BMI ≥30 kg/m2 – in 1,35–1,7 times, and the waist >90 cm in women – in 1,3 times); benign breast disease (TC risk is higher on 38–56%), breast cancer (TC risk increases in 1,4–2,3 times), deficiency of vitamin D (TC risk increases 2–6 times), the persistence of virus, insufficient iodine intake, lifestyle – the use of certain products and physical activity, anthropogenic and occupational factors.
Conclusion. The primary care physician should take into account the current understanding of the risk ТС factors in patients, especially in high-risk groups.##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
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