Сlinical and laboratory characteristics of syndrome of massive tumor cytolysis
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Abstract
The syndrome of massive tumor cytolysis is a life threatening state in which rapid destruction of tumor cells leads to hyperuricemia, hyperphosphataemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, and, often, to acute renal failure. Despite the fact that the pathogenetic mechanisms of this condition are well studied and more systematized therapeutic approaches are developed, the death rate of patients from the Syndrome of massive tumor cytolysis remains high. Early detection of patients from the high risk group and prevention of the development of this condition is an extremely important task.
This syndrome is more common in patients with lymphatic tumors, acute leukemia, but also in solid tumors. During the chemotherapy, patients from the high risk group should be under closer supervision, daily monitoring of body weight, determination of the concentration of uric acid, and the level of electrolytes are necessary. Metabolic and electrolyte disorders can be aggravated by renal insufficiency. Without timely and adequate therapy, the syndrome of massive tumor cytolysis can lead to the death of the patient. Early diagnosis and therapy reduce the risk of fatal complications.
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